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- <text id=89TT2357>
- <title>
- Sep. 11, 1989: Soviet Union:The Language Of Unrest
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Sep. 11, 1989 The Lonely War:Drugs
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 40
- SOVIET UNION
- The Language of Unrest
- </hdr><body>
- <p>As Moldavia simmers, the Baltics fire back at Moscow
- </p>
- <p> Language is frequently not only the vehicle for making
- statements but also a statement in and of itself. The
- legislature of the southwestern Soviet republic of Moldavia,
- which borders Rumania, last week declared its native tongue --
- which is virtually identical to Rumanian -- its official
- language. Moldavia thus became the fifth Soviet republic this
- year (after Tadzhikistan and the Baltic states of Latvia,
- Lithuania and Estonia) to establish linguistic independence from
- the Russian language. In an effort to accommodate the republic's
- ethnic Russians and Ukrainians, about 27% of the 4.3 million
- population, legislators eventually added a vaguely worded
- amendment that Russian will continue to be used in some
- instances.
- </p>
- <p> Far from placated by that move, non-Moldavian activists
- denounced the law and staged strikes at more than 100
- factories. In Moscow Pravda accused the ethnic majority of
- subjecting non-Moldavians to "moral terror." But thousands of
- Moldavians gathered in the main square of Kishinev, the capital,
- to demonstrate their support for the measure. Many waved
- Moldavia's traditional red-yellow-and-blue flag and chanted,
- "Russians go home!"
- </p>
- <p> If the loudest shouts occurred in Moldavia last week, the
- bitterest words came from the Baltic republics. Two weeks ago
- the Communist Party Central Committee issued a broadside
- accusing "extremists" in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia of
- whipping up "nationalist hysteria" on the 50th anniversary of
- the Ribbentrop-Molotov pact that led to the Soviet annexation
- of the three states. At first the attack jolted Baltic
- progressives, who had just been granted permission to carry out
- wide-ranging economic reforms. Some regional Communist leaders
- who have been tolerant of unofficial nationalist movements
- quickly sought ways to ease tensions with Moscow. Estonian party
- leader Vaino Valjas, for example, assured Soviet television
- viewers that "separatism is not our slogan." In Latvia party
- chief Janis Vagris warned local activists not to "irresponsibly
- rock the common boat."
- </p>
- <p> By last week, however, the nationalists were firing back
- their own rhetorical rockets. Meeting in the Latvian capital of
- Riga, the leaders of the region's three unofficial political
- movements rejected the Central Committee statement, calling it
- a "sinister and dangerous document for the cause of democracy."
- Its authors, the Baltic reformers said, "looked like the younger
- brothers" of those who produced the Nazi-Soviet agreement. For
- good measure, Dainis Ivans, president of the Latvian Popular
- Front, announced that his republic plans to go well beyond the
- reforms so far authorized by the Kremlin, adopting a program of
- "full economic and political independence" from Moscow as a
- prelude to eventual "complete independent statehood."
- </p>
- <p> Soviet Foreign Ministry spokesman Gennadi Gerasimov
- insisted that the Moscow document had been "worked out with the
- participation of all members of the Politburo, including the
- General Secretary." Gorbachev might well have authorized the
- Baltic-bashing as a sop to disgruntled party conservatives who
- fear his liberal policies are getting out of control. What
- better way for the Soviet leader to keep his reform image
- untarnished and at the same time dampen separatist fervor than
- to let the conservatives vent their anger in his absence? But
- if the Soviet leader was indeed trying to have it both ways, he
- badly underestimated the caliber of the return fire.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-